Plantar fibromatosis, also known as Ledderhose disease, is a condition characterized by the formation of benign nodules or lumps on the plantar fascia, a thick band of tissue that runs along the sole of the foot. These nodules are made up of excess fibrous tissue and can range in size from small, pea-sized bumps to larger, more significant lumps.
The exact cause of plantar fibromatosis is unknown, but it is believed to be a result of abnormal fibrous tissue growth. The condition is sometimes associated with other connective tissue disorders, such as Dupuytren's contracture, which affects the fingers. Plantar fibromatosis typically develops slowly over time and may cause pain, discomfort, and difficulty with walking or standing.
Symptoms of plantar fibromatosis can vary depending on the size and location of the nodules. Some people may experience mild discomfort or pain, while others may have more significant pain that limits their mobility. The nodules are usually firm and may be felt under the skin. In some cases, the nodules can cause the arch of the foot to become rigid and lose flexibility.
Diagnosis of plantar fibromatosis is typically based on a physical examination and medical history. Your healthcare provider may also order imaging tests, such as an ultrasound or MRI, to evaluate the extent of the nodules and rule out other conditions.
Treatment options for plantar fibromatosis focus on relieving symptoms and improving mobility. Conservative treatments may include:
Orthotic devices: Custom-made shoe inserts or arch supports can help distribute pressure more evenly and reduce discomfort.
Physical therapy: Exercises and stretches may help improve flexibility and relieve pain.
Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or corticosteroid injections may be prescribed to reduce pain and inflammation.
Footwear modifications: Wearing shoes with proper arch support and cushioning can provide relief.
Extracorporeal shockwave therapy: High-energy sound waves are used to break down the fibrous tissue and promote healing.
Radiation therapy: In some cases, low-dose radiation therapy may be used to slow the growth of the nodules.
Surgical intervention may be considered for severe cases or when conservative treatments are not effective. Surgical options include nodule excision, where the nodules are surgically removed, or plantar fascia release, which involves releasing the tight bands of tissue to improve mobility.
It's important to note that plantar fibromatosis is a chronic condition, and there is a risk of recurrence even after treatment. Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider is essential to monitor the condition and adjust the treatment plan as needed.
Please consult a healthcare professional such as a physical therapist for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment recommendations for plantar fibromatosis.