Elbow sprains and strains are injuries that involve damage to the muscles, tendons, or ligaments around the elbow joint. These injuries are often caused by a sudden force or impact to the elbow, or by overuse of the elbow joint. Here are some common causes of elbow sprains and strains:

1. Sports injuries: Elbow sprains and strains are common in sports that involve repetitive or forceful use of the elbow joint, such as tennis, golf, and baseball. These injuries can be caused by sudden impacts or by overuse of the elbow joint.

2. Falls: A fall onto an outstretched hand can cause a sprain or strain in the elbow joint. This type of injury is common in activities such as skating, snowboarding, and skateboarding.

3. Work-related injuries: Elbow sprains and strains can occur in jobs that involve repetitive motions or the use of heavy machinery, such as construction work, manufacturing, and assembly line work.

4. Car accidents: A sudden impact from a car accident can cause a sprain or strain in the elbow joint, particularly if the arm is outstretched and the elbow is hyperextended.

5. Arthritis: Arthritis can cause inflammation and damage to the ligaments and tendons around the elbow joint, which can lead to sprains and strains.

How to fix elbow sprains or strains at home:

Elbow sprains and strains can be very painful and limit your ability to perform everyday activities. Here are some quick tips you can try at home before you see a physical therapist, to help alleviate pain and promote healing:

1. Rest and protect the elbow: Rest the elbow by avoiding activities that cause pain or discomfort. You can also use a brace or splint to protect the elbow from further injury.

2. Ice the affected area: Applying ice to the elbow for 15-20 minutes several times a day can help reduce pain and swelling. Be sure to wrap the ice pack in a towel to prevent skin damage.

3. Compress the elbow area: Using an elastic bandage or compression sleeve can help reduce swelling and provide support to the elbow.

4. Elevate your elbow: Elevating the elbow above heart level can also help reduce swelling and promote healing.

5. Take over-the-counter pain relievers: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen can help alleviate pain and reduce inflammation.

6. Stretch and strengthen affected elbow: Once the initial pain and swelling have subsided, you can begin gentle stretches and exercises to help improve mobility and strength in the affected elbow.

What to expect from a PT rehab for elbow sprains or strains?

Physical therapy can play an important role in the rehabilitation of elbow sprains and strains. A physical therapist can create a personalized treatment plan based on the severity of the injury and the individual's specific needs. Here are some common techniques a physical therapist may use to rehabilitate an elbow sprain or strain:

1. Range of motion exercises: These exercises aim to restore the full range of motion of the elbow joint. Examples include flexion and extension exercises, which involve bending and straightening the elbow, and pronation and supination exercises, which involve rotating the forearm.

2. Strengthening exercises: These exercises help to restore strength to the muscles around the elbow joint. Examples include wrist curls, grip strength exercises, and tricep extensions.

3. Manual therapy: This involves hands-on techniques such as massage, mobilization, and manipulation to improve joint mobility and reduce pain.

4. Ultrasound therapy: This involves the use of high-frequency sound waves to promote healing and reduce inflammation.

5. Electrical stimulation: This involves the use of small electrical currents to stimulate the muscles around the elbow joint and promote healing.

6. Functional training: This involves performing exercises that mimic everyday activities to help the individual regain the ability to perform daily tasks without pain or discomfort.

The goal of physical therapy for an elbow sprain or strain is to:

• Promote healing.

• Reduce pain and inflammation.

• Improve range of motion and strength.

• And help the individual return to their normal activities.

It is important to seek medical attention if you are experiencing symptoms of an elbow sprain or strain, especially if pain is persistent or worsens, there’s a swelling, change in skin color (bruises) and limited range of motion.